Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a progressive condition in which the kidneys gradually lose their ability to function normally. It usually develops in months or even yearswith no obvious signs in the early stages. If discovered early, with a correct treatment and a adapted lifestyle, disease progression can be slowed or even stopped.

How does chronic kidney disease occur? The disease occurs when kidney tissue is constantly affected by certain factors, leading to poor kidney function. Among the most important causes and risk factors count:

• Diabetes mellitus, especially uncontrolled, often associated with obesity;
• Hypertension;
• Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease;
• Renal lithiasis (kidney stones);

These factors can lead to irreversible deterioration of kidney tissue, especially if not properly managed.

Common complications in chronic kidney disease: As kidney function decreasesa number of medical imbalances and complications, which can affect the whole body:

• Anemiaby decreasing the production of erythropoietin (a hormone produced by the kidneys);
• Mineral and bone disease - changes occur in calcium and phosphorus metabolism, which affects bone health;
• Electrolyte and water imbalances, which can negatively influence heart, muscles and nervous system;
• Metabolic acidosischaracterized by the build-up of acids in the body;
• Hypertension, which can be both causeas well as effect kidney disease.

Without treatment, these complications can lead to worsening general health and the need for therapies such as dialysis or kidney transplantation.

What can you do if you have or suspect chronic kidney disease? An essential step is early diagnosisby blood tests (creatinine, urea) and urinalysis (urinary albumin/creatinine ratio). If the results indicate kidney damage, it is important to follow recommendations from a nephrologist.

Correct disease management includes:

• Constant monitoring blood pressure;
• Diuresis monitoring;
• Compliance with prescribed treatment;
• Adopt a personalized dietwith controlled salt, protein and fluid intake;
• Body weight control and avoiding a sedentary lifestyle;
• Avoiding smoking and excessive alcohol consumption;
• Correct and constant information about the disease and treatment options.

A common but preventable condition: Chronic kidney disease affects over 10% of population and is a fifth cause of death globally. The number of cases is rising, amid modern lifestyleal pollution and unbalanced diet.

Chronic kidney disease can be effectively managed if discovered in time. Via regular medical check-ups, correct information and Respect recommends